Employee Engagement and Performance: a Meta-analytic Study of Causal Direction
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چکیده
Based on 2,178 business units in 10 organizations, this study used meta-analysis to examine the causal direction of the relationship between employee engagement and business-unit outcomes of employee retention, customer loyalty, and financials. Competing models were tested using longitudinal path analysis. Results indicate a stronger relationship from employee engagement to business outcomes than from business outcomes to employee engagement.
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